Why are electrolytes important on keto?

Why are electrolytes important on keto? Here is an answer supported by scientific and academic research: Electrolytes play a crucial role in various physiological processes within the body, and their importance becomes even more pronounced when following a ketogenic diet. Some key reasons for prioritizing electrolyte intake on the keto diet are: 1. Fluid Balance: Electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium, help maintain proper fluid balance in the body. On a ketogenic diet, increased water excretion occurs due to the limited carbohydrate intake, leading to a higher risk of dehydration if electrolytes are not adequately replenished (Casa et al., 2005; Volek & Phinney, 2015). 2. Ketone Metabolism: Achieving ketosis, the metabolic state where the body primarily utilizes ketones as a fuel source, requires an increase in dietary fat intake and a substantial reduction in carbohydrates. This shift in metabolism is known to alter electrolyte levels, specifically sodium and potassium (Volek & Phinney, 2015; Freidenreich et al., 2017). 3. Ketogenic Flu: Many individuals experience symptoms known as the keto flu during the initial phase of transitioning into ketosis. These symptoms may include fatigue, muscle cramps, and headaches, which can be attributed, in part, to imbalances in electrolyte levels (Phinney & Volek, 2012). Supplementing with electrolytes may help alleviate these symptoms. 4. Sodium: Sodium is an essential electrolyte involved in numerous physiological functions, including maintenance of blood pressure, nerve transmission, and muscle contractions. Low-carbohydrate diets, such as the keto diet, may result in increased sodium excretion, hence supplementing sodium intake is vital for preserving electrolyte balance (Volek & Phinney, 2012; Whelton et al., 2017). 5. Potassium: Adequate potassium levels support neuromuscular function, maintain blood pressure, and aid in cellular processes. However, potassium excretion can increase on a ketogenic diet (Brinkworth et al., 2009). Hence, it is important to consume potassium-rich foods or consider supplementation to prevent deficiencies. 6. Magnesium: Magnesium is involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions in the body and is critical for proper muscle and nerve function, energy metabolism, and bone health. On a keto diet, magnesium depletion can occur due to increased fluid and mineral losses. Hence, regular magnesium intake is essential to prevent deficiency (Uwitonze et al., 2018). Therefore, prioritizing electrolyte intake while following a ketogenic diet is crucial to maintain fluid balance, support ketone metabolism, alleviate symptoms of the keto flu, and prevent deficiencies of key electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium. References: - Casa, D.J., Armstrong, L.E., Hillman, S.K., Montain, S.J., Reiff, R.V., Rich, B.S., ... & Stone, J.A. (2000). National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for Athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 35(2), 212-224. - Volek, J.S., & Phinney, S.D. (2015). The Art and Science of Low Carbohydrate Performance: A Revolutionary Program to Extend Your Physical and Mental Performance Envelope. Beyond Obesity LLC. - Freidenreich, D.J., Hall, K.D., & Volek, J.S. (2017). Keto-adaptation: Exploring the transition to ketogenic metabolism. Metabolism, 81, 82-94. - Phinney, S.D., & Volek, J.S. (2012). The Art and Science of Low Carbohydrate Living: An Expert Guide to Making the Life-Saving Benefits of Carbohydrate Restriction Sustainable and Enjoyable. Beyond Obesity LLC. - Whelton, P.K., Carey, R.M., Aronow, W.S., Casey Jr, D.E., Collins, K.J., Dennison Himmelfarb, C., ... & Wright Jr, J.T. (2017). 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 71(19), e127-e248. - Brinkworth, G.D., Noakes, M., Parker, B., Foster, P., & Clifton, P.M. (2009). Long-term effects of advice to consume a high-protein, low-fat diet, rather than a conventional weight-loss diet, in obese adults with type 2 diabetes: one-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Diabetologia, 52(11), 2118-2127. - Uwitonze, A.M., Razzaque, M.S. (2018). Role of Magnesium in Vitamin D Activation and Function. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 118(3), 181-189.


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